1.What yog ammonia nitrogen?
Ammonia nitrogen yog hais txog ammonia nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm free ammonia (lossis tsis-iam3) lossis ionic ammonia (nh4 +). Siab dua ntawm thiab siab dua cov ammonia; Ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, cov feem ntawm ammonium ntsev yog siab.
Ammonia nitrogen yog cov khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig hauv dej, uas tuaj yeem ua rau cov dej eutrophiving, thiab yog cov tshuaj oxygen loj hauv dej, uas yog lom rau ntses thiab qee cov tsiaj muaj sia.
Cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm ammonia nitrogen ntawm cov tsiaj muaj sia yog cov tshuaj lom dawb, nws txoj kev lom zem yog ntau dua li cov neeg ammonium, thiab nce nrog kev nce ntawm alkalinity. Ammonia nitrogen toxicity yog ze ze rau lub pH tus nqi thiab dej kub ntawm pas dej dej, feem ntau, qhov siab dua cov toxicity.
Ob qho kev kwv yees cov txheej txheem xim zoo nkauj tau siv los txiav txim siab ammonia yog cov messler reagent txoj kev thiab cov phenol-hypochlorite txoj kev. Cov txheej txheem thiab cov txheej txheem hluav taws xob kuj tseem siv los txiav txim siab ammonia; Thaum Ammonia cov ntsiab lus nitrogen yog siab, distillation tort txoj kev kuj tseem siv tau. (Lub Tebchaws Cov Qauv Sib Tw suav nrog cov txheej txheem reagent, salicylic acid spectrophottometry, distillation - titration txoj kev)
2.phalical thiab tshuaj nitrogen tshem cov txheej txheem tshem tawm
① Tshuaj Lom Zem Zej Zog
Tshuaj lom neeg nagkas, tseem hu ua daim duab qhia txog nag lossis daus, yog li cov mis nyuj Yog li ua kom tiav lub hom phiaj ntawm kev tshem ammonia nitrogen. Magnesium phosphate, feem ntau yog hu ua struvite, tuaj yeem siv ua nplooj lwg, av ntxiv lossis hluav taws kub rau cov khoom qauv qauv. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv muaj raws li nram no:
Mg ++ nh4 + + po4 - = mgnh4p04
Qhov tseem ceeb heev cuam tshuam rau kev kho cov nyhuv ntawm cov nag los yog siv tus nqi PHIC, kub, NE4 +): N (P04-). Cov txiaj ntsig qhia tau tias thaum PIC tus nqi yog 10 thiab cov nyiaj hniav mob ntawm magnesium, nitrogen thiab phosphorus yog 1.2: 1.2, cov kev kho mob zoo dua.
Siv cov tshuaj khib nyiab magride thiab disodium hydrogen phosphate zoo li cov neeg sawv cev hauv PHEMASE, cov txiaj ntsig tau zoo dua thaum tus nqi Magnesium, Nitrogen thiab Phosphorus yog 1.2: 1: 1.
Cov txiaj ntsig qhia tau tias MGC12 + NA3PO4.12h20 yog zoo dua rau lwm cov neeg sawv cev nag lossis daus. Thaum tus lej pH yog 10.0, qhov kub yog 30 ℃, N (NH4 +) = 1, qhov kev kho mob loj): N (P0G / L, thiab tus nqi tshem tawm yog 92.3%.
Cov tshuaj lom zem nag lossis daus thiab cov kua membane tau ua ke rau kev kho mob ntawm kev siv cov khoom lag luam zoo ammonia nitrogen wastewater. Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej ntawm kev ua kom zoo ntawm cov txheej txheem nagkas, kev kho mob ntawm ammonia nitrogen concentration mus rau 0.005g / u, mus txog rau cov txheej txheem ntawm Tebchaws-chav kawm ua ntej.
Qhov kev tshem tawm ntawm cov khoom siv hlau (NI Ib tus txheej txheem tshiab ntawm caso4 nag lossis daus-daim ntawv qhia daus tau npaj rau ammonium sulfate wastewater. Cov txiaj ntsig qhia tau tias cov tsoos Naoh regulator tuaj yeem hloov los ntawm txiv qaub.
Qhov kom zoo dua ntawm txoj kev siv nag los yog thaum twg cov txheej txheem ammoorogen, xws li cov qauv sib cav, thiab lwm yam kev siv tshuaj lom neeg tuaj yeem siv rau kev kho mob ua ntej. Qhov kev tshem tawm efficiency ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg muaj nag los yog qhov zoo dua, thiab nws tsis txwv los ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, thiab kev ua haujlwm yooj yim. Cov kab mob tsis meej uas muaj cov tshuaj magpsium yog siv los ua cov tshuaj tua kab kom paub pov tseg, yog li offsetting ib feem ntawm tus nqi; Yog tias nws tuaj yeem ua ke nrog qee cov lag luam kev lag luam uas tau tsim cov dej qias neeg uas tsim cov nqi tshuaj pleev ntsev, nws tuaj yeem txuag cov nqi hluav taws xob thiab pab txhawb cov ntawv thov loj.
Qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg nag lossis daus yog tias vim kev txwv tsis pub muaj cov khoom siv ntawm cov khoom siv ntawm cov khoom siv tshuaj lom, tom qab cov nyhuv ammonia Yog li, tshuaj lom nag los daus paus yuav tsum tau siv ua ke nrog lwm txoj kev haum rau kev kho siab heev. Tus nqi ntawm reagent siv yog loj, cov sludge tsim tawm yog loj, thiab tus nqi kho mob yog siab. Cov lus qhia ntawm cov tshuaj chloride ions thiab seem phosphorus thaum lub sijhawm noj tshuaj ntawm cov tshuaj muaj kuab yooj yim rau kev ua qias tuaj.
②blow tawm txoj kev
Qhov kev tshem tawm ntawm ammonia nitrogen los ntawm txoj kev tawg yog hloov kho tus nqi ntawm cov neeg tua tsiaj, yog li ntawd nws tau ua tiav lub hom phiaj ntawm kev tshem tawm ammonia nitrogen. Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb uas cuam tshuam rau lub tshuab nqus hluav taws xob yog PH muaj txiaj ntsig Tam sim no, cov txheej txheem ntawm cov txheej txheem tau siv dav hauv kev kho mob ntawm cov dej khib nyiab uas muaj cov ammonia nitrogen.
Qhov kev tshem tawm ntawm ammonia nitrogen los ntawm cov av xau los ntawm tshuab-tawm txoj kev tau kawm. Nws tau pom tias cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb tswj cov kev ua tau zoo ntawm tshuab-tawm tau kub, roj-kua piv thiab pH nqi. Thaum cov dej kub yog ntau dua 2590, cov roj-kua piv yog txog 90% rau cov ntawv tshem tawm nrog cov ammasia nitrogen concentration li siab li 2000mg / l. Cov txiaj ntsig qhia tau tias thaum ph = 11.5, kev tshem tawm lub sijhawm 80cm thiab stripping sijhawm ntawm ammonia nitrogen nyob rau hauv wastewater tuaj yeem ncav cuag 99.2%.
Lub tshuab-tawm kev ua tau zoo ntawm kev ua siab zoo ammonia nitrogen pov tseg tau nqa tawm los ntawm cov tshuab kab mob tawg. Cov txiaj ntsig tau pom tias lub tshuab tawm-tawm efficion kom tau nce nrog nce py tus nqi. Qhov loj dua cov roj-kua sib piv yog, qhov ntau dua kev tsav tsheb ntawm ammonia stripping loj hloov chaw yog, thiab stripping txuag tau.
Kev tshem tawm ntawm ammonia nitrogen los ntawm cov txheej txheem yog ua tau zoo, yooj yim los tswj hwm thiab yooj yim tswj. Lub tshuab ammonia nitrogen tuaj yeem siv los ua cov kev nqus nrog sulfuric acid, thiab cov khoom tsim cov nyiaj acid, thiab cov nyiaj sulfuric acid, thiab cov khoom tsim cov roj ntsha Tshuab-tawm txoj kev yog ib qho siv thev naus laus zis rau lub cev thiab tshuaj nitrogen tshem tawm tam sim no. Txawm li cas los xij, lub tshuab tawm ntawm txoj kev muaj qee qhov tsis zoo, xws li cov pej xeem tshem tawm qhov kub thiab txias, thiab cov kuab paug tsawg tshwm sim los ntawm cov roj tawg. Tshuab-tawm txoj kev feem ntau ua ke nrog lwm tus ammonia nitrogen kev kho kom zoo rau kev ua kom zoo-siab ammonia nitrogen wastewater.
③bleak point chlorination
Tus Mechanism ntawm Rhuav tshem tawm los ntawm kev tsoo cov chlorination yog tias chlorine roj sib xws, thiab n2 escapes rau hauv cov huab cua, ua kom cov tshuaj tiv thaiv txuas ntxiv mus rau sab xis. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv cov tshuaj yog:
Hocl nh4 + + 1.5->>>>>>>> H20 H1 ++ CL - 1.5 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + 5.5)
Thaum cov tshuaj chlorine pauv mus rau hauv cov dej khib nyiab mus rau qee qhov taw tes, cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov tshuaj dawb hauv dej yog tsawg, thiab kev xav ntawm ammonia yog xoom. Thaum cov tshuaj chlorine hla lub ntsiab lus, tus nqi ntawm cov tshuaj dawb hauv dej yuav nce ntxiv, thiab cov chlorination nyob rau hauv lub xeev no yog hu ua kev sib tsoo zaum Chlorination.
Qhov tawg taw qhia chlorination txoj kev yog siv los kho cov drilling wastewatering tom qab ammonia nitrogen forining ammonia nitrogen blowing. Thaum 70% ntawm Ammonia nitrogen nyob rau hauv lub pov txwv yeem los ntawm kev tsoo cov kab chlorination, qhov kev pom zoo ntawm ammonia nitrogen hauv effluent yog tsawg dua 15mg / l. Zhang Shengli li al. coj simulated ammonia nitrogen dej khib nyiab nrog rau kev tshem tawm cov khoom siv ammoofium rau ammonia nitrogen, lub sijhawm tiv thaiv, thiab tus nqi PH.
Lub sijhawm so cov qauv chlorination muaj cov kev tshem tawm cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm cov txiaj ntsig Cov nyhuv yog ruaj khov thiab tsis cuam tshuam los ntawm qhov kub; Cov khoom lag luam tsawg dua, cov lus teb kom tiav thiab ua tiav; Nws muaj qhov cuam tshuam ntawm kev tsis sib xws thiab kev tua kab ntawm lub cev dej. Cov kev ntsuas ntawm daim ntawv thov ntawm cov kev so tes chlorination txoj kev yog tsawg dua 40mg / l, yog li cov so ntawm ammonia nitrogen wastewater. Qhov yuav tsum muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab cia yog qhov siab, tus nqi tshuaj yog qhov siab, thiab chlorinated organics thiab chlorinated organics yuav ua rau muaj kuab paug theem nrab.
④Catalytic oxidation txoj kev
Catalytic Oxidation txoj kev yog los ntawm kev ua ntawm catalyst, nyob rau hauv ib qho kub thiab mob siab rau hauv kev puas tsuaj xws li CO2, N2 thiab H2O, kom ua tiav lub hom phiaj ua kom huv.
Qhov xwm txheej cuam tshuam cov nyhuv ntawm catalalal oxidation yog cov yam ntxwv catalyst lub sijhawm, tus nqi ammas, ammonia nitrogen concenity, siab, stirring zog thiab lwm yam.
Cov txheej txheem degradation ntawm ozonated ammonia nitrogen tau kawm. Cov txiaj ntsig tau pom tias thaum PHIC tus nqi nce, ib hom ntawm ho dia oxidation muaj peev xwm tsim tawm, thiab tus nqi oxidation tau ua nrawm. Kev tshawb fawb pom tias nws tuaj yeem oxidize ammonia nitrogen rau nitrite thiab nitrite mus rau nitrate. Cov concentration ntawm ammonia nitrogen nyob rau hauv dej txo qis nrog lub sij hawm nce ntxiv, thiab kev tshem tawm tus nqi ntawm ammonia nitrogen yog kwv yees li 82%. Kev-MN02-CE02 tau siv los ua cov tshuaj sib xyaw los kho ammonia nitrogen wastewater. Cov txiaj ntsig kev sim qhia tau tias kev ua ub no ntawm cov txheej txheem npaj ua haujlwm tshiab yog 255 ℃, 4.2MPA thiab Ph = 10.8. Hauv kev kho mob ntawm ammonia nitrogen dej khib nyiab ntawm 1023mg / l, qhov kev tshem tawm ntawm ammonia nitrogen tuaj yeem ncav cuag tus qauv hauv tebchaws (50mg / l) tshem cov qauv.
Cov catalytic kev ua tau zoo ntawm ZoTolite txhawb nqa Tio2 Photocataltigented raug tshawb nrhiav los ntawm kev kawm txog ammonia nitrogen daws cov sulfuric acid acr murm. Cov txiaj ntsig qhia tau hais tias kev pom zoo ntawm TI02 / Zeolite Photocatalyst yog 1.5g / u thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv lub sijhawm yog 4h hauv ultraviolet iradiation. Qhov kev tshem tawm ntawm ammonia nitrogen los ntawm cov dej khib nyiab tuaj yeem ncav cuag 98.92%. Cov kev tshem tawm ntawm cov hlau siab thiab nano-puab tsaig dioxide hauv qab ultraviolet teeb rau phenol thiab ammonia nitrogen tau kawm. Cov txiaj ntsig qhia tau hais tias kev tshem tawm tus nqi ntawm ammonia nitrogen yog 97.5% thaum twg yog 7.8% thiab 22.5% siab dua li ntawm cov hlau siab lossis chine dioxide ib leeg.
Catalytic Oxidation txoj kev muaj qhov zoo ntawm kev ua siab ntev, cov txheej txheem yooj yim, thiab feem ntau yog siv los kho cov high-concentration ammonia nitrogen wastewater. Daim ntawv thov nyuaj yog yuav ua li cas tiv thaiv kev ploj ntawm catalyst thiab corrosion tiv thaiv ntawm cov khoom siv.
⑤electrrochemical oxidation txoj kev
Electrochemical oxidation method refers to the method of removing pollutants in water by using electrooxidation with catalytic activity. Qhov tsis txaus ntseeg yog qhov ceev tam sim no, Inlet txaus tus nqi, qhov hluav taws xob thiab lub sijhawm daws teeb meem.
Lub tshuab hluav taws xob oxidation ntawm ammonia-nitrogen dej khib nyiab hauv cov Flightrolating Cell tau kawm, qhov twg yog TI / Ru02-Dio2 Network hluav taws xob thiab cov tsis zoo yog Ti network hluav taws xob. Cov txiaj ntsig qhia tau tias thaum cov tshuaj chloride ion concentration yog 400mg / l, tus thawj coj ntawm electrolytic yog 9min, Ammonia thiab ammonia nitrogen tshem tus nqi yog 99.37%. Nws qhia tau tias cov oxidolytic oxidation ntawm ammonia-nitrogen dej khib nyiab muaj daim ntawv thov zoo.
3. Biochemical Nitrogen tshem cov txheej txheem
①The tag nrho Nitricification thiab Denitricification
Cov-txheej txheem nitrification thiab denitricification yog ib hom kev lom zem uas tau siv dav siv ntev tam sim no. Nws hloov ammonia nitrogen nyob rau hauv nitrogen los ntawm kev sib tw ntawm kev ua ntawm cov kab mob ntawm cov microorganism, thiaj li ua tiav lub hom phiaj ntawm kev kho kom tau txais kev kho kom zoo. Cov txheej txheem ntawm nitrification thiab denitricification kom tshem ammonia nitrogen yuav tsum mus dhau ob theem:
Nitricification tiv thaiv: cov tshuaj tiv thaiv Nitrification yog ua tiav los ntawm aerobic autorophic microorganisms. Hauv lub xeev aerobic, inorganic nitrogen yog siv raws li nitrogen los hloov NH4 + rau hauv No2-, thiab tom qab ntawd nws yog oxidized rau No3-. Cov txheej txheem nitrification tuaj yeem faib ua ob theem. Hauv theem ob, nitrite tau hloov mus rau nitrate (No3-) los ntawm nitrite tau hloov mus rau nitrate (No3-) los ntawm nitrify bacteria.
DENENTRICATION RAWS LI: Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis kam lees yog cov txheej txheem uas tsis kam lees cov kab nitrite nitrogen rau gaseous nitrogen (N2) hauv lub xeev hypoxia. Denitrify Bacteria yog heterotrophic microorganisms, feem ntau ntawm cov uas yog cov kab mob amphictic. Nyob rau hauv lub xeev ntawm hypoxia, lawv siv oxygen nyob rau hauv hluav taws xob txais thiab cov organic teeb meem (BOD tivthaiv hauv hluav taws xob) raws li hluav taws xob pub los muab lub zog thiab khov kho thiab ruaj khov.
Tag nrho cov txheej txheem nitrification thiab denitrification engineering engineering eng, A2O, oxidation ditch, thiab lwm yam
Tag nrho Nitricification thiab Denitrification txoj kev muaj qhov zoo ntawm cov nyhuv ruaj khov, kev ua haujlwm yooj yim, tsis muaj tus nqi qis dua. Cov qauv no tseem muaj qee qhov teeb meem, xws li cov pa roj carbon ntau, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsawg, qhov ntsuas kub yog qhov ntsuas kub, uas yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm ua ntej txoj kev siv kub yog nqa tawm. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev sib txuam ntawm ammonia nitrogen nyob rau hauv lub pov tseg kuj muaj ib tug inisabitia muaj nyhuv rau cov txheej txheem nitrification. Yog li ntawd, pretreature yuav tsum tau nqa tawm ua ntej kev kho mob siab ammonia nitrogen dej khib nyiab kom cov ashmogia nitrogen dej khib nyiab tsawg dua 500mg / l. Txoj kev ua yeeb yam tsoos yog haum rau kev kho mob ntawm levelagent ammonia nitrogen dej muaj teeb meem, xws li cov dej phwj tuaj, tshuaj lom neeg tshuaj lom neeg, thiab lwm yam.
②sim Mitrication thiab Denitrification (SND)
Thaum nitricification thiab denitricification yog nqa tawm ua ke nyob rau hauv tib reactor, nws yog hu ua kev noj mov nyob hauv tsev (SND tib si Denittration (SND). The dissolved oxygen in wastewater is limited by the diffusion rate to produce a dissolved oxygen gradient in the microenvironment area on the microbial floc or biofilm, which makes the dissolved oxygen gradient on the outer surface of the microbial floc or biofilm conducive to the growth and propagation of aerobic nitrifying bacteria and ammoniating bacteria. Qhov tob mus rau hauv floc lossis membrane, qis dua ntawm cov pa oxygen, uas ua rau thaj tsam anoxic uas tsis pom zoo tus kab mob. Yog li ua kev sib tham zom zaws ib zaug thiab cov txheej txheem digital. Qhov xwm txheej cuam tshuam rau kev zom thiab tsis pom zoo yog PH muaj txiaj ntsig, qhov kub, alpygen, organen thiab sludge hnub nyoog.
Ib txhij nitrification / denitricification muaj nyob rau hauv lub carrousel oxidation ditch nyob rau hauv cov oxygen maj mam poob qis ntawm cov kab mob oxygen nyob hauv qis ntawm lub carrousel oxidation ditch tau qis dua uas nyob rau sab qaum. Qhov tsim thiab siv tus nqi ntawm nitrogen nyob rau txhua feem ntawm cov channel yog ib txwm muaj sib npaug, thiab tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm ammonia yog ib txwm muaj kev tshwm sim ib txhij ntawm cov carousel oxidation channel.
Txoj kev tshawb fawb txog kev kho cov dej phwj tuaj hauv tsev qhia tau tias qhov siab dua codcr, qhov ua kom tiav qhov kev tshem tawm tn ntxiv. Cov nyhuv ntawm yaj oxygen rau tib lub nitrification thiab denitricification yog qhov zoo. Thaum cov pa oxygen yaj yog tswj tau ntawm 0.5 ~ 2mg / u, tag nrho cov nyiaj tshem tawm nitrogen tshem tau zoo. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nitricification thiab denitricification txoj kev txuag tus reactor, shorters lub sij hawm kev tiv thaiv, thiab yog ib qho yooj yim kom tus nqi PHIC.
③short-li cas zom thiab kev zom mov thiab tsis kam lees
Nyob rau hauv tib reactor, ammonia oxidizing cov kab mob yog siv los tsim cov ermonia los tsim cov organic lossis cov nitrite Cov yam ntxwv ntawm luv luv-ntau nitrification thiab denitricification yog kub, pub dawb ammonia, pusolved oxygen.
Qhov kub ntawm qhov kub ntawm luv-ntau nitrification ntawm cov dej phwj tuaj uas tsis muaj dej phwj tuaj nrog 30% seabater dej. Cov txiaj ntsig kev sim qhia tau tias: Rau lub tsheb phwj tuaj uas tsis muaj dej hiav txwv, ua kom sov qhov kub thiab txias rau kev ua tiav luv luv-nitrification. Thaum cov feem ntawm dej hiav txwv hauv cov dej phwj tuaj hauv tsev yog 30%, luv-ntau nitrification tuaj yeem ua tiav zoo dua hauv nruab nrab cov xwm txheej. Delft University of thev naus laus zis tsim cov kab sib tw, yog li ntawd los txhawb cov kab mob nitrite, yog li ntawd cov tshuaj tiv thaiv Nitrite hauv NITRITE theem.
Raws li qhov sib txawv hauv cov pa oxygen ntawm Nitrite Cov Kab Mob thiab Nitrite Cov Kab Mob Nitrite Nitrite Nitrite cov kab mob.
Qhov kev sim ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm kev kho cov coking wastewatery nitrification thiab denalration qhia tau tias thaum lub sij hawm eMoniance effentent, tus lej Ammonia Nitrogen, TN thiab Phenol ntau Xyoo 197.1,14.2,181.5 thiab 0.4mg / l, feem. Tus nqi tshem tawm tus nqi yog 83.6%, 97.2%, 66.4% thiab 99.6%, feem.
Luv-ntau nitrification thiab denitrification txheej txheem tsis mus dhau ntawm cov theem ntawm cov pa hluav taws xob, txuag cov pa roj carbonation rau kev tshem tawm. Nws muaj qee qhov zoo rau ammonia nitrogen dej khib nyiab nrog cov C / N piv txwv. Luv-muaj ntau nitrification thiab denitricification muaj qhov zoo ntawm cov sludge tsawg, lub sijhawm luv luv thiab txuag cov tshuaj tiv thaiv luv. Txawm li cas los xij, luv-ntau nitrification thiab denitricification yuav tsum muaj qhov ruaj khov thiab kav ntev ntxiv qhov kev ua si ntawm nitrify cov kab mob ua qhov tseem ceeb.
④ Anaerobic ammonia oxidation
Anaerobic ammoxidation yog txheej txheem ntawm kev ncaj qha oxidation ntawm ammonia nitrogen rau cov kab mob hypoxia, nrog nitrous nitrogen raws li Electron txais.
Qhov cuam tshuam ntawm qhov kub thiab pH ntawm kev ua haujlwm biological ntawm AnammOX tau kawm. Cov txiaj ntsig tau pom tias qhov kev ua tau zoo tshaj plaws kub yog 30 ℃ thiab Ph tus nqi yog 7.8. Qhov ua tau zoo ntawm Anaerobic ammox reactor rau kev kho cov salinity siab thiab siab nruab nrab nitrogen pov tseg. Cov txiaj ntsig tau pom tias Halfinity Infinity tseem ceeb Tiv Thaiv AnammoGnation, thiab qhov Inhibition tau thim rov qab. Lub anaerobic ammox kev ua ntawm unudge sludge yog 67.5% qis dua li ntawm kev tswj tau sludge ntawm 30g.l-1 (NAC1). Lub Anammokas kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov ntaub ntawv sludge yog 45.1 qis dua li ntawm kev tswj hwm. Thaum cov ntaub ntawv raug xa tawm tau raug hloov los ntawm ib puag ncig Salinity siab rau ib puag ncig Salinity qis (tsis muaj brine), cov haujlwm anaerobic tau nce los ntawm 43.1%. Txawm li cas los xij, tus reactor yog nquag ua haujlwm poob qis thaum nws khiav hauv qhov siab salinity ntev.
Piv nrog cov txheej txheem kev ua yeeb yam zoo li qub, anaerobic ammox yog kev tshem tawm cov thev naus laus zis ntau ntxiv, tsis tas yuav tsum muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntau ntxiv, tsis muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv pa ntxiv rau neutralize, thiab tsawg dua sludge ntau lawm. Qhov tsis zoo ntawm Anaerobic ammox yog tias qhov kev tiv thaiv ceev yog qhov tsis zoo rau kev daws cov ammonia nitrogen wastewater nrog cov biodegradity.
4.Saib thiab Adsorption Nitrogen tshem cov txheej txheem
① Membrane Sib Cais Qauv
Membrane sib cais txoj kev yog kom siv cov kev xaiv permeability ntawm daim nyias nyias los txheeb xyuas cov khoom siv ua kua, kom ua tiav lub hom phiaj ntawm ammonia nitrogen tshem tawm. Suav nrog osmosis rov qab, nanofiltration, feammoniating membrane thiab electrodialys. Qhov cuam tshuam rau membrane sib cais yog membrane cov yam ntxwv, siab lossis voltage, pH nqi, kub thiab ammonia nitrogen.
Raws li cov dej ua tau zoo ntawm ammonia nitrogen tso tawm los ntawm tsis tshua muaj ntiaj teb smelter, remosis sim nrog NH4C1 thiab Naci Simulated Wastewater. Nws tau pom tias nyob rau hauv tib qho kev mob, thim rov qab Osmosis muaj kev tshem tawm ntawm Naci, thaum NHLL muaj cov nqi ntau dua dej. Kev tshem tawm NH4C1 yog 77.3% Tom qab kev kho mob Osmosis rov qab, uas tuaj yeem siv los ua pretreaticment ntawm ammonia nitrogen wastewater. Rov Qab Osmosis Technology tuaj yeem cawm lub zog, zoo thermal stability, tab sis chlorine tsis kam, kev qias tuaj ua tsis zoo.
Ib cov txheej txheem Biofiltration membrane Coothate tau siv los kho cov kua hluav taws xob ua kua thiab av nkos tau rov qab mus rau lub thoob khib nyiab. Ozturki li al. Kho cov av khib nyiab ntawm odayeri hauv qaib ntxhw nrog nanofiltration membrane, thiab kev tshem tawm tus nqi ntawm ammonia nitrogen yog li 72%. Nanofiltration membrane yuav tsum tau qis dua siab dua li thim rov qab osmosis membrane, yooj yim rau kev khiav lag luam.
Cov ammoo-tshem tawm daim nyias nyias txoj kev siv hluav taws xob feem ntau siv hauv kev kho mob ntawm cov dej khib nyiab nrog cov ammonia nitrogen. Cov ammonia nitrogen nyob rau hauv cov dej muaj qhov sib npaug hauv qab no: NH4- + H2O hauv lub khauj khaum hauv cov yeeb nkab hauv cov yeeb nkab ntawm daim nyias nyias module. Thaum pheeb lub hauv paus nce lossis kub nce, qhov sib npaug yuav hloov mus rau sab xis, thiab ammonium ion nh4- ua tus dawb gaseous nh3. Nyob rau lub sijhawm no, faseous nh3 tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv cov kua nqus dej ua kua hauv lub plhaub los ntawm kev daws teeb meem hauv lub plhaub thiab tam sim ntawd ua ionic nh4-. Khaws lub v ntawm cov neeg khib nyiab saum toj kawg 105 ° C (hauv qab no 50 ° C), yog li ntawd NH4 mus ua NH3 mus rau theem nqus dej theem tsiv teb tsaws. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, kev pom zoo ntawm ammonia nitrogen nyob rau hauv lub wastewater sab txo. Cov kua qaub ua kua theem, vim tias muaj cov kua qaub thiab cov kua qaub thiab cov ntsev ntshiab tom qab ua kom rov ua dua tshiab. Ntawm ib sab tes, kev siv cov tshuab no tuaj yeem txhim kho kev tshem tawm ntawm ammonia nitrogen hauv dej khib nyiab, thiab ntawm qhov kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev kho kom zoo.
②elecrodialysis txoj kev
Cov electrodialysis yog ib txoj kev tshem cov khib nyiab yaj los ntawm kev daws teeb meem los ntawm kev thov ib qho kev volbage ntawm daim nyias nyias. Nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm voltage, Ammonia ions thiab lwm yam ions hauv daim dimabia nyob rau hauv daim nyias nyias hauv ammbrranees hauv ammbrane-muaj kom ua tiav lub hom phiaj ntawm kev tshem tawm.
Txoj kev siv hluav taws xob tau siv los kho inorganic pov tseg nrog kev sib haum xeeb ntawm ammonia nitrogen thiab ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig zoo. Rau 2000-3000mg / l ammonia nitrogen dej khib nyiab, kev tshem tawm ntawm ammonia nitrogen tuaj yeem ua tau ntau tshaj 85%, thiab cov dej tsis muaj zog yog tau los ntawm 8.9%. Qhov ntau npaum li cas ntawm hluav taws xob tau noj thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntawm electrodialysis yog sib npaug rau cov nyiaj ntawm ammonia nitrogen nyob rau hauv lub pov tseg. Kev kho mob electrodialyis ntawm quav dej tsis muaj txwv los ntawm pH tus nqi, ntsuas kub thiab siab ua haujlwm.
Qhov zoo ntawm membrane kev rov qab tau zoo rov qab ntawm ammonia nitrogen, yooj yim kev ua haujlwm, ruaj khov kho mob thiab tsis muaj kuab paug nyob ib nrab. Txawm li cas los xij, nyob rau hauv kev kho mob siab ammonia nitrogen dej khib nyiab, tsuas yog rau cov deammeriaiated memashiaes, lwm yam thiab backrashes yog nquag muaj, nce tus nqi kho mob. Yog li ntawd, hom no yog qhov tsim nyog rau pretreatic lossis tsawg-macy-concentration ammonia nitrogen wastewater.
③ ion sib pauv qauv
Ion Txauv Txuj Ci yog ib txoj kev tshem tawm ammonia nitrogen los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv uas siv cov ntaub ntawv muaj zog xaiv adsorption ntawm ammonia ions. Cov khoom siv cov adsorption feem ntau siv cov roj carbon, zeolite, montmorillonite thiab sib pauv resin. Zeolite yog ib hom ntawm silico-aluminate nrog peb-seem cov qauv kev sib txawv ntawm cov khoom lag luam adsorption rau ammonia nitrogen zaub dej lwg hauv engineering. Qhov xwm txheej cuam tshuam rau kev kho mob nyhuv ntawm cathoptilolite muaj cov partylo loj, muaj kev cuam tshuam ammonia nitrogen concentration, hu rau lub sijhawm, ps nqi thiab lwm yam.
Adsorption Phem ntawm Zeolite ntawm Ammonia nitrogen yog pom tseeb, ua raws los ntawm cov av, thiab cov nyhuv ntawm cov av thiab kab ke tsis zoo. Txoj kev tseem ceeb kom tshem tawm ammonia nitrogen los ntawm Zeolite yog ion txauv, thiab lub cev adsorption nyhuv yog heev. Lub ion pauv cov txiaj ntsig ntawm ceramite, av thiab khiav tau zoo ib yam li cov nyhuv ua kom zoo. Cov adsorption muaj peev xwm ntawm plaub tug fillers txo tau nrog qhov nce ntawm qhov kub ntawm 15-35 ℃, thiab nce nrog kev nce ntawm tus nqi ntawm 3-9. Adsorption kev sib npaug tau mus txog tom qab 6H oscillation.
Qhov ua tau zoo ntawm kev tshem ammonia nitrogen los ntawm cov av khib nyiab los ntawm Zeolite Adsorption tau kawm. Qhov kev sim ntawm Zusolite tau muaj peev xwm tsawg ntawm ammonia nitrogen loj, thaum lub zeepite lub sijhawm ammonia nitrogen concentration, siab dua Adsorption tus nqi, thiab nws yog ua tau rau zeolite raws li tus adsorbent tshem tawm ammonia nitrogen los ntawm kev ua kom yog. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws tau taw qhia tias tus lej tshaj tawm ntawm Ammonia nitrogen los ntawm Zeolite yog tsawg, thiab nws nyuaj rau kev ua tiav kev ua haujlwm hauv kev ua haujlwm.
Cov kev tshem tawm ntawm biological zeolite lub txaj ntawm nitrogen, cod thiab lwm yam kuab paug nyob hauv simulated lub zos dej phwj tau kawm. Cov txiaj ntsig qhia tau hais tias kev tshem tawm tus nqi ntawm ammonia nitrogen los ntawm kev tshem tawm Tebchaws Asmeskas Zeolite yog ntau dua 95%, thiab kev tshem tawm ntawm nitrogen tau cuam tshuam nrog lub sijhawm hydraulic.
Txoj kev sib pauv ion muaj qhov zoo ntawm kev nqis peev me me, cov kev ua haujlwm yooj yim, insensient rau tshuaj lom thiab kub, thiab rov qab zawvolite los ntawm kev tsim dua tshiab. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum kho cov high-confors ammonia nitrogen dej khib nyiab, yog li nws yuav tsum tau ua ke nrog rau kev ua haujlwm, yog li siv los kho cov kev kho mob ntawm ammonia nitrogen dej khib nyiab.
Lag luam wholesale 4a Zeolite Chaw Tsim Tshuaj thiab Chaw Muag Khoom | EvenBright (Cnchemist.com)
Lub Sijhawm Post: Jul-10-2024
