Cov Lus Qhia Txog Khoom
Sodium Carbonate, muaj ob qho tib si qib sib dua thiab qib ntom, yog ib hom hmoov dawb, tsis muaj ntxhiab uas siv dav hauv kev tsim iav, kev tsim cov tshuaj ntxuav tes, kev kho dej, thiab kev ua cov ntaub. Nws muaj qhov huv siab, yaj tau zoo, thiab cov tshuaj lom neeg ruaj khov.
Kev Siv Khoom
Iav
Cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm iav yog sodium silicate, calcium silicate thiab silicon dioxide, thiab sodium carbonate yog cov khoom siv tseem ceeb siv los ua sodium silicate. Sodium carbonate reacts nrog silicon dioxide ntawm qhov kub siab los tsim sodium silicate thiab carbon dioxide. Sodium carbonate kuj tseem tuaj yeem kho qhov coefficient ntawm kev nthuav dav thiab tshuaj lom neeg tsis kam ntawm iav. Sodium carbonate tuaj yeem siv los ua ntau hom iav, xws li iav tiaj tus, iav ntab, iav kho qhov muag, thiab lwm yam. Piv txwv li, iav ntab yog iav tiaj tus zoo ua los ntawm kev ntab ib txheej ntawm iav yaj rau saum ib txheej ntawm cov tin yaj, uas muaj sodium carbonate hauv nws cov khoom.
Cov tshuaj ntxuav tes
Ua ib tug neeg sawv cev pab hauv cov tshuaj ntxuav khaub ncaws, nws tuaj yeem txhim kho cov nyhuv ntxuav, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov roj pleev xim, sodium carbonate tuaj yeem saponify roj, hloov cov xim pleev xim rau hauv cov tshuaj nquag, thiab nce cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov tshuaj nquag thaum ntxuav cov xim pleev xim, yog li ntawd cov nyhuv ntxuav tau txhim kho zoo heev. Sodium carbonate muaj qee yam tshuaj ntxuav, vim tias feem ntau cov xim pleev xim, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov roj pleev xim, yog acidic, thiab sodium carbonate yog siv los ua ke nrog lawv los tsim cov ntsev yaj hauv dej. Ntau cov tshuaj ntxuav khaub ncaws hauv khw ntxiv qee qhov sodium carbonate, lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog xyuas kom muaj ib puag ncig alkaline zoo ntawm cov tshuaj nquag kom ntseeg tau tias muaj tshuaj ntxuav zoo.
Kev ntxiv xim
1. Kev ua haujlwm alkaline: Cov kua sodium carbonate yog ib yam khoom alkaline uas tsis muaj zog heev uas ua rau cellulose thiab cov protein molecules nqa cov nqi tsis zoo. Qhov kev tsim cov nqi tsis zoo no ua rau kev nqus ntawm cov xim sib txawv, yog li cov xim tuaj yeem nyob zoo dua ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cellulose lossis protein.
2. Txhim kho qhov solubility ntawm cov pigments: Qee cov pigments hauv dej solubility qis, sodium carbonate tuaj yeem ua rau pH ntawm dej nce ntxiv, yog li ntawd qib ntawm pigment ionization nce ntxiv, yog li ntawd solubility ntawm cov pigments hauv dej tuaj yeem txhim kho, yog li nws yooj yim dua rau adsorbated los ntawm cellulose lossis protein.
3. Ua kom cov kua qaub sulfuric lossis cov kua qaub hydrochloric tsis muaj zog: Thaum lub sijhawm dyeing, qee cov pigments yuav tsum tau ua ke nrog sulfuric acid lossis hydrochloric acid kom ua tiav cov nyhuv dyeing. Sodium carbonate, ua ib yam khoom alkaline, tuaj yeem raug neutralized nrog cov tshuaj acidic no, yog li ua tiav lub hom phiaj ntawm kev dyeing.
Kev ua ntawv
Sodium carbonate hydrolyzes hauv dej kom tsim tau sodium peroxycarbonate thiab carbon dioxide. Sodium peroxycarbonate yog ib hom tshuaj dawb tshiab uas tsis muaj kuab paug, uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog lignin thiab xim hauv lub pulp kom tsim tau ib yam khoom uas yooj yim yaj hauv dej, yog li ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev tshem tawm xim thiab ua kom dawb.
Cov Khoom Noj Ntxiv (Qib Khoom Noj)
Ua ib yam khoom siv los ua kom cov khoom noj mos thiab mos, siv los ua cov ncuav qab zib, mov ci, thiab lwm yam. Ua ib yam khoom siv los ua kom cov khoom noj mos thiab tsis muaj zog. Ua ib yam khoom siv los kho cov pH ntawm cov khoom noj xws li ua dej qab zib. Ua ib yam khoom siv los ua ke, nws siv nrog lwm yam khoom los ua cov hmoov ci sib txawv los yog cov alkali, xws li cov hmoov ci alkali ua ke nrog alum, thiab cov alkali civil ua ke nrog sodium bicarbonate. Ua ib yam khoom siv los tiv thaiv cov khoom noj kom tsis txhob lwj los yog lwj, xws li butter, pastry, thiab lwm yam.
