Daim ntawv thov thiab kev siv sodium hydroxide

Daim ntawv thov thiab kev siv sodium hydroxide

YANGZHOU EVERBRIGHT CHEMICAL CO.LTD.

Caustic soda ntsiav tshuaj yog ib hom caustic soda, lub npe tshuaj sodium hydroxide, yog ib qho alkali soluble, corrosive heev, tuaj yeem siv ua acid neutralizer, nrog rau tus neeg sawv cev masking, tus neeg sawv cev precipitating, tus neeg sawv cev precipitation masking, tus neeg sawv cev xim, tus neeg sawv cev saponification, tus neeg sawv cev peeling, detergent thiab lwm yam.

Siv tau ntau yam. Cov tshuaj caustic soda feem ntau siv tau raws li nram no:

1, kev ua ntawv:

Cov ntaub ntawv raw khoom siv rau kev ua ntawv yog ntoo lossis cov nroj tsuag nyom, cov nroj tsuag no ntxiv rau cellulose, tab sis kuj muaj ntau yam tsis yog cellulose (lignin, gum, thiab lwm yam). Flake alkali yog siv rau kev delignification, thiab cov fiber tsuas yog tau los ntawm kev tshem tawm lignin ntawm cov ntoo. Cov khoom tsis yog cellulose tuaj yeem yaj los ntawm kev ntxiv dilute caustic soda kua, yog li cellulose ua lub ntsiab tivthaiv ntawm pulp tuaj yeem npaj tau.

2, roj av ua kom zoo:

Tom qab cov khoom siv roj av raug ntxuav nrog sulfuric acid, qee cov tshuaj acidic yuav tsum tau ntxuav nrog cov tshuaj alkali, thiab tom qab ntawd ntxuav kom tau txais cov khoom zoo.

3. Cov ntaub:

Cov ntaub paj rwb thiab ntaub linen raug kho nrog cov tshuaj sodium hydroxide (caustic soda) kom txhim kho cov khoom ntawm cov fiber. Cov fiber cuav xws li paj rwb cuav, ntaub plaub cuav, rayon, thiab lwm yam, feem ntau yog cov fiber viscose, lawv yog ua los ntawm cellulose (xws li pulp), caustic soda, carbon disulfide (CS2) ua cov khoom siv raw, ua los ntawm viscose, los ntawm kev tig, condensation.

4, luam ntawv thiab zas xim:

Cov ntaub paj rwb nrog kev kho alkaline, tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov tshuaj pleev xim paj rwb, roj, hmoov txhuv nplej siab thiab lwm yam khoom uas npog, thaum ua kom cov xim mercerization ntawm cov ntaub, yog li ntawd cov xim sib xws ntau dua.

5, ua xab npum:

Cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm xab npum yog cov ntsev sodium ntawm cov roj fatty acids siab heev, feem ntau yog ua los ntawm cov roj thiab cov ntsiav tshuaj alkali ua cov khoom siv raw los ntawm kev ua kom saponification. Ntxiv rau cov ntsev roj fatty acid siab, xab npum kuj muaj rosin, iav dej, cov txuj lom, cov xim thiab lwm yam khoom sau. Cov qauv, cov roj fatty acid sodium siab dua muaj cov khoom tsis-polar hydrophobic (pawg hydrocarbon) thiab cov khoom polar hydrophilic (pawg carboxyl). Pawg hydrophobic muaj cov khoom oleophilic. Thaum ntxuav, cov roj hauv av raug do thiab tawg ua cov roj me me, thiab tom qab kov cov xab npum, pawg hydrophobic (pawg hydrocarbon) ntawm cov roj fatty acid sodium siab dua raug ntxig rau hauv cov roj me me, thiab cov roj molecules raug khi ua ke los ntawm van der Waals zog. Pawg hydrophilic (pawg carboxyl), uas yooj yim yaj hauv dej, raug nthuav dav sab nraud ntawm cov roj poob thiab ntxig rau hauv dej. Cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm xab npum yog NaOH, tab sis NaOH tsis yog xab npum. Nws cov kua dej yog roj thiab tuaj yeem siv ua xab npum. Xab npum yog emulsifier. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus yog qhov kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm saponification CH3CO0CH2CH3 + NaOH = CH3COONa + CH3CH2OH, thiab CH3COONa yog cov khoom xyaw nquag hauv xab npum.

6, kev lag luam tshuaj lom neeg:

Ua cov hlau sodium, dej electrolytic siv cov ntsiav tshuaj alkali. Kev tsim ntau yam inorganic ntsev, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog kev npaj qee cov ntsev sodium (xws li borax, sodium silicate, sodium phosphate, sodium dichromate, sodium sulfite, thiab lwm yam) siv rau hauv cov ntsiav tshuaj alkali. Nws kuj tseem siv rau hauv kev tsim cov xim, tshuaj thiab cov organic intermediates.

7, kev lag luam hlau:

feem ntau yuav hloov cov khoom xyaw nquag ntawm cov ore mus rau hauv cov ntsev sodium soluble, txhawm rau tshem tawm cov impurities insoluble, yog li ntawd, feem ntau yuav tsum ntxiv cov ntsiav tshuaj alkali. Piv txwv li, hauv cov txheej txheem smelting ntawm txhuas, kev npaj ntawm cryolite thiab kev kho mob ntawm bauxite yog siv.

8, kev siv cov txiv qaub los txhim kho cov av:

hauv av, vim tias cov organic teeb meem hauv cov txheej txheem decomposition yuav tsim cov organic acids, weathering ntawm cov minerals kuj tseem yuav tsim cov acidic tshuaj. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev siv cov inorganic chiv xws li ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, thiab lwm yam, kuj yuav ua rau cov av acidic. Siv cov txiv qaub kom raug tuaj yeem neutralize cov acid hauv av, ua rau cov av haum rau kev loj hlob ntawm cov qoob loo, thiab txhawb kev nthuav dav ntawm cov kab mob me me. Tom qab nce ntawm Ca2 + hauv av, nws tuaj yeem txhawb kev sib sau ua ke ntawm cov av colloid, uas yog qhov zoo rau kev tsim cov aggregates, thiab tib lub sijhawm, nws tuaj yeem muab cov calcin xav tau rau kev loj hlob ntawm cov nroj tsuag.

9. Kev tsim cov alumina:

Cov kua NaOH raug cua sov kom yaj alumina hauv bauxite thiab tau txais sodium alumincov kua nplaum. Tom qab cov kua nplaum raug cais tawm ntawm cov seem (av liab), qhov kub thiab txias raug txo qis, txhuas hydroxide raug ntxiv ua cov noob siv lead ua, tom qab lub sijhawm ntev ntawm kev do, sodium aluminate raug decomposed rau hauv txhuas hydroxide, ntxuav, thiab calcined ntawm 950 ~ 1200 ℃, cov txhuas oxide tiav lawm tau txais. Cov kua nplaum tom qab nag ntawm txhuas hydroxide hu ua niam cawv, uas yog evaporated thiab concentrated thiab rov ua dua tshiab. Vim yog cov qauv crystalline sib txawv ntawm diaspore, diaspore thiab diaspore, lawv cov solubility hauv caustic soda kua yog txawv heev, yog li nws yog qhov tsim nyog los muab cov xwm txheej sib txawv, feem ntau yog cov kub sib txawv. Cov diaspore hom bauxite tuaj yeem yaj ntawm 125 ~ 140C, thiab cov diaspore hom bauxite tuaj yeem yaj ntawm 240 ~ 260 ℃ thiab ntxiv cov txiv qaub ntsuab (3 ~ 7%).

10, cov khoom siv av nplaum:

Cov caustic soda hauv lub luag haujlwm tsim cov khoom siv ceramic muaj ob lub ntsiab lus: thawj zaug, hauv cov txheej txheem hlawv cov khoom siv ceramic, caustic soda ua cov tshuaj diluent. Qhov thib ob, qhov chaw ntawm cov khoom siv ceramic hlawv yuav raug khawb lossis ntxhib heev, thiab tom qab ntxuav nrog cov kua caustic soda, qhov chaw ceramic yuav du dua.

11, kev tua kab mob:

qhov ua rau cov protein ntawm tus kab mob puas tsuaj. Cov no feem ntau yog siv rau kev ntxuav thiab tua kab mob hauv cov fwj hauv kev lag luam cawv.

12, ntxiv rau cov dej khib nyiab:

muaj zog sodium oxide los kho qhov nqi ph, kev kho dej phwj tuaj, yog li ntawd cov peev txheej rov ua dua tshiab.

13, kev npaj tshuaj lom neeg, cov khoom siv ntxiv rau kev lag luam:

Cov ntsiav tshuaj alkali feem ntau yog siv rau hauv kev lag luam tshuaj kom alkalize cov kev daws teeb meem lossis kho tus nqi pH ntawm cov tshuaj daws teeb meem.

14, electroplating, tungsten refining. ：

Cov ntsiav tshuaj alkaline hauv cov hlau plating ua cov kua electroplating, ua lub luag haujlwm ntawm tus neeg xyuas pib!

15, tsim cov ntaub txhob lo lo ntxhuav, tsim cov paj rwb rayon.

16. Kev lag luam tawv (Kev qhia txog ob qho kev siv ntawm cov ntsiav tshuaj alkali):

(1) Rau cov txheej txheem rov ua dua tshiab ntawm cov kua tshauv pov tseg hauv tannery, tsau thiab ntxiv cov kua sodium sulfide hauv cov txheej txheem nthuav dav uas twb muaj lawm

Nruab nrab ntawm ob kauj ruam ntawm kev kho cov hmoov txiv qaub ntsuab, kev siv 30% sodium hydroxide kua nrog tare hnyav 0.3-0.5% yog nce ntxiv kom ua rau cov tawv nqaij fiber nthuav dav kom ua tau raws li cov txheej txheem xav tau thiab txhim kho qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom tiav ib nrab.
(2) Ua ib qho alkaline nruab nrab thiab ib qho neutralizer, ntxiv cov dej rau hauv lub reactor, thiab tom qab ntawd cua sov txog li 90 ° C los ntawm cov pa, do thaum ntxiv polyvinyl cawv, thiab tom qab ntawd txias txog li 80 ° C tom qab polyvinyl cawv yaj tag. Tom qab do, ntxiv hydrochloric acid hauv ib qho trickle, txuas ntxiv do rau 20 txog 30 feeb, thiab ntxiv cov mis ntawm formaldehyde dej. Khaws nws sov ntawm 78 ~ 80 ℃, cia nws teb rau 40 ~ 50 feeb, ntxiv cov tshuaj sodium hydroxide 10% teeb tsa rau kev neutralization, txias nws mus rau 60 ~ 70 ℃, tom qab ntawd ntxiv cov mis urea rau kev kho amino, thiab lim cov kua nplaum los ntawm cov xov paj rau kev siv cia.

17, kev lag luam tshuaj polyester:

siv rau kev tsim cov formic acid, oxalic acid, borax, phenol, sodium cyanide thiab xab npum, cov roj fatty acids, cov tshuaj ntxuav tes, thiab lwm yam.

18, kev luam ntawv thiab kev lag luam textile:

siv ua tus neeg sawv cev desizing paj rwb, tus neeg sawv cev boiling, tus neeg sawv cev mercerizing thiab txo cov xim, Haichang xiav zas xim solvent.

19, kev lag luam smelting:

siv los tsim cov txhuas hydroxide, txhuas oxide thiab cov neeg sawv cev kho qhov chaw hlau.

20, kev lag luam twj paj nruag, ：

siv ua acid neutralizer, decolorizing agent, deodorizing agent.

21, kev lag luam nplaum:

siv ua cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab gelatinizer, neutralizer.

22, tsim cov phosphate, tsim cov manganate.

23. Rov ua dua cov roj hmab qub.

24, siv tau ua txiv qaub, txiv duaj tev tawv thiab decolorizing tus neeg sawv cev, deodorant.

25, ntsiav tshuaj alkali kuj tseem siv rau hauv kev tsim tshuaj tua kab.